M08/3/ECONO/SP1/ENG/TZ0/XX

1.
(a) “The price elasticity of demand and the price elasticity of supply for many primary commodities tend to be low.”  Explain what is meant by this statement, 
and how this contributes to the problem of price instability for primary commodity producers. [10 marks]

(b) Evaluate the view that it is best to allow primary commodity prices to be determined purely through the free interaction of market forces. [15 marks] 


2.
(a) Explain how fiscal policy could be used to increase aggregate demand. [10 marks]

(b) “In the long-run, a country’s economic performance can only be improved through the implementation of supply-side policies.”  Evaluate this statement. [15 marks]

3.
(a) Identify three types of protectionism and explain how each may be used to correct a balance of payments deficit on current account. [10 marks] 

(b) Evaluate the extent to which a deficit on a country’s current account might be considered an economic problem. [15 marks] 

4.
(a) Explain how development might be measured. [10 marks] 

(b) Evaluate the view that the most effective way that a government could improve the welfare of its citizens is through the pursuit of faster economic growth. [15 marks]

M08/3/ECONO/HP1/ENG/TZ0/XX

1.
(a) Explain how a firm operating in an oligopolistic market might attempt to increase its market share. [10 marks]

 


(b) Evaluate the view that producers, and not consumers, are the main beneficiaries of oligopolistic market structures. [15 marks]


2.
(a) “The effect of a decrease in aggregate demand on output and the price level depends on the shape of the aggregate supply curve.”  Explain this statement. [10 marks] 

(b) Evaluate the likely effects of a falling rate of inflation on the performance of an economy. [15 marks] 


3.
(a) Explain the principle of comparative advantage and the benefits which might arise from free trade. [10 marks] 

(b) Evaluate the importance of membership of a trading bloc for the export performance of a country. [15 marks] 


4.
(a) Explain how development might be measured. [10 marks] 

(b) Evaluate the view that the most effective way that a government could improve the welfare of its citizens is through the pursuit of faster economic growth.  [15 marks]